Brazil’s Hidden Gem of Adventure and Nature
Parque Estadual do Jalapão, located in eastern Tocantins, Brazil, is a breathtaking sanctuary of diverse landscapes, unique natural phenomena, and rich biodiversity. Since its establishment in 2001, this protected state park has emerged as a dream destination for adventure-seekers and ecotourism fans alike.
1. A Brief Overview of the Park
Created by Law 1,203 on January 12, 2001, Jalapão spans approximately 158,885 hectares (about 1,588 km²), making it the largest state park in Tocantins. It rests within the Cerrado biome, Brazil’s vast tropical savanna, housing ecosystems ranging from open grasslands and sparse cerrado to cerradão and gallery forests.
In addition to scenic beauty, Jalapão plays a vital role in protecting biodiversity. It shelters endemic plants like Acosmium subelegans and rare fauna such as maned wolves, capybaras, the endangered Brazilian merganser, and the Chaco eagle .
2. Jaw-Dropping Landscapes and Scenes
2.1 Golden Sand Dunes
The park features towering golden dunes, especially near Mateiros and the Serra do Espírito Santo, soaring as high as 40 m. These dunes, formed by erosion, are iconic symbols of Jalapão, offering unforgettable sunrise and sunset panoramas.
2.2 Fervedouros (Natural Springs)
These sparkling karst springs—often called “boilers”—push water up from underground aquifers so forcefully that you float effortlessly. Among the most famous is Fervedouro Ceiça, complemented by Buriti, Bela Vista, Alecrim, and Korubo. Depths can reach 75 m, temperatures remain refreshingly cool, and many springs enforce a 20-minute visit limit with small group entry to minimize ecological impact.
2.3 Monumental Waterfalls
- Cachoeira da Velha: A horseshoe-shaped marvel, approximately 100 m wide and 15 m high, ideal for rafting and river gaze.
- Cachoeira do Formiga: A smaller but stunning waterfall with vivid turquoise waters, perfect for cooling off.
2.4 Serra do Espírito Santo and Rock Formations
Hike to the summit of Serra do Espírito Santo for sweeping views over the Cerrado and dunes. Other landmarks include Pedra Furada and Sussuapara Canyon, beloved by photographers and hikers.
3. Wildlife and Biodiversity
Jalapão hosts an extraordinary array of wildlife adapted to its varied terrain. Expect sightings of:
- Large mammals: jaguars, maned wolves, tapirs, anteaters, capybaras.
- Reptiles: jacarés (caimans), anacondas, rattlesnakes .
- Birds: toucans, parrots, macaws, Brazilian merganser, Chaco eagle.
The park’s mosaic of habitats—including cerrado, riparian forests, and veredas—not only ensures ecological richness but also positions Jalapão as a conservation hotspot.
4. Adventure & Ecotourism
4.1 Hiking and Trails
Trails weave across dunes, valleys, and canyons, culminating in scenic peaks like Sierra do Espírito Santo. Most treks are moderate and guided, ensuring safety .
4.2 Water Sports & Outdoor Activities
Rafting, canoeing, and tubing are popular on rivers like Novo and Sono. Tour guides ensure safety, especially at cascade points like Velha waterfall.
4.3 Camping & Stargazing
Camp beneath wide-open skies at designated areas such as Rio Novo beach. Ambient silence and minimal light pollution make for a superb stargazing experience .
4.4 Cultural Immersion with Locals
Communities like the quilombo-descendant Mumbuca invite visitors to experience traditional crafts like golden grass weaving and buriti silk. This supports local culture and sustainable practices.
5. When to Go
Dry Season (May–September): Best for dune watching, hiking, and visiting springs—roads are accessible and skies are clear. Days see highs of 30–40 °C, nights dip to 12–15 °C .
Rainy Season (October–April): Landscape turns green and falls more majestic, but roads may be muddy, and river waters cloudy. Beginning or end of this season can still be worthwhile .
For balanced conditions and clear skies, aim for June through August .
6. How to Get There & Infrastructure
- Arrival City: Flight into Palmas (PBH), followed by a 5–6 hour drive on dirt roads via Mateiros, São Félix, or Ponte Alta – often in a 4×4.
- Guided Tours: Over 97% of travelers opt for organized expeditions due to challenging roads and complex logistics.
- Accommodation: Choices range from rustic campsites in the park to pousadas and lodges in Mateiros and São Félix .
- Facilities: Limited amenities within the park—carry essentials like water, snacks, cash (cards seldom accepted), sunscreen, and insect repellent .
7. Sustainability & Tourist Responsibility
The park emphasizes eco-friendly tourism. Fervedouros enforce group limits and time restrictions, and sunscreen use is restricted to protect aquatic ecosystems. Golden grass crafts are produced sustainably by locals, blending cultural heritage with environmental stewardship .
WWF-Brazil has highlighted the importance of careful infrastructure planning—paved roads could disturb wildlife, so balance is key .
8. Sample Itinerary (6 Days)
Day 1 – Palmas to Mateiros
Depart early, cross Ponte Alta, arrive in Mateiros, visit local artisan workshops.
Day 2 – Fervedouros & Dunes
Swim at Fervedouro Ceiça and Bela Vista, then hike up the dunes for a sunset photoshoot.
Day 3 – Formiga & Velha Waterfalls
Morning dip in Formiga, followed by rafting trip and panoramic overlook at Velha.
Day 4 – Serra do Espírito Santo
Trek to the summit for sunrise, explore Pedra Furada and Sussuapara; nighttime camp and stargazing.
Day 5 – Quilombola Community & Rio Novo Beach
Visit Mumbuca village, learn golden grass weaving, relax at Rio Novo river beach.
Day 6 – Return to Palmas
Head back, stopping at fervedouros Por Enquanto or Korubo along the way.
9. Inspiration & Why You’ll Love It
If you’re seeking untamed beauty, adventurous trails, cultural immersion, and eco-conscious travel, Parque Estadual do Jalapão delivers. It’s Brazil’s wild heart: harsh yet nurturing, remote yet welcoming. Whether standing atop a golden dune as the sky ignites at sunset or floating serenely in crystal-clear spring water, Jalapão offers moments that stir the soul.
Chart Your Journey into the Wild
Ready to unplug and dive into raw nature? Pack your sense of wonder and plan your trip during the dry season. With guided support, sustainable experiences, and hidden treasures at every turn, Jalapão awaits. Embrace the challenge—and let this vibrant, magical landscape transform your travel story.
